Thursday, September 11, 2008

Collected Miscellany

Kaitai Hatsumou - lungs

Kaitai Hatsumou - anterior and posterior abdominal organ views


Kaitai Hatsumou - brain section diagrams

These three hand-painted woodblock prints come from a 5-volume anatomical work from 1813 called 'Kaitai Hatsumou' by Mitsutane.

The knowledge of anatomy had been given a huge boost in 1774 when the first western anatomy book was translated into Japanese. There followed a slew of publications that attempted to reconcile many of the beliefs about traditional medicine (eg. acupuncture) with the modern scientific methods. Mitsutane's work falls into this category (as best I can tell).
{The colour blue for the lungs was an interesting editorial/design decision!}
'Kaitai Hatsumou' is among the Tohoku University Medical Library Rare Books Collection which also includes that original translated 1774 work ('Kaitai Shinso').
[not to be confused with the medical science books from the Precious Books Exhibition Room at Tohoku University Library - see MA/PT]


Album Souvenir - Lille Ancien - Edouard Boldoduc 1893


La Halle Échevinale (Lille Ancien Monumental) 1893

I think the cover is the best feature of this album of forty eight lithographs from 1893 of buildings and scenes from Lille. 'Album souvenir : Lille Ancien Monumental' by Edouard Boldoduc is available from la Bibliothèque Numérique de la Bibliothèque Municipale de Lille (the images above were extracted from pdf files but you can see all the plates as modestly sized jpeg images) I haven't looked through the entire site yet.



Large initial 'n' with vinework


Vegetal initials 'l' and 'a'


Houghton Library. MS Typ 157 Griffin, snake, dragon and rooster

These three images are from the second half of the 15th century. The first two images of decorative initials are from Houghton MS Typ 024 and the dragon/snake/griffin/rooster image is from Houghton MS Typ 157 [Houghton being the library name at Harvard University]. Both manuscripts are by the hand of the scribe/calligrapher and alchemical sonnet composer*, Felice Feliciano. *{That's going in my c.v. tout de suite}



A Book of Caricaturas by M Darly 1764


A Book of Caricaturas by M Darly 1764 a

'A Book of Caricaturas : on 59 Copper Plates, with ye Principles of Designing in that Droll & Pleasing Manner' by Mary Darly (~1762) holds the distinction of being the first book devoted to caricatures to be published in the UK. The Ebay (completed) sale site would have us believe it's the only copy anywhere. I'm not sure about this but I didn't search very hard. Worldcat have a couple of citings with '60' instead of '59' in the title. There are about twenty five or so illustrations available which, in the ordinary course of circumstances, I think I would probably pass by had it not been for its publishing history. [Also: 'A History Of Caricature' 1926 by Bohun Lynch at the Internet Archive AND, very tangentially, Arthur Szyk's Berlin caricature exhibition]



Lenin caricature

deev (username) recently posted two webpages of images - including the above Lenin drawings - taken from a trio of anonymous 1970s Kiev sketch/cartoon albums to the Art_Links LJ community. Although it helps to know Russian, there's some obvious subversive political and social commentary among these illustrations: Page One and Page Two. [via]



ventral sketch of large turtle 1792

'Historia Testudinum : Iconibus Illustrata' by Johann Schoepff', 1792 has about twenty or so plates of turtles seen towards the end of this page of thumbnails at Humboldt University.



Haeckel 1868 lecture

This illustration of microflora by the great Ernst Haeckel* is by far the best plate from his published 1868 lecture, 'Ueber Arbeitstheilung in Natur- und Menschenleben' at the Edoc server at Humboldt University.



Peace Pipe and native American artifacts from the 18th century

'Travels through the Interior Parts of North-America, in the Years 1766, 1767, and 1768' by Jonathan Carver, 1778.

We are told: "Account of exploration into the interior of North America by an Englishman seeking a transcontinental waterway. Carver penetrated farther to the west that any English explorer before the Revolution. Notwithstanding the lack of substantial contributions to geographic knowledge, Howes notes that "his book...stimulated curiosity concerning routes to the Pacific, later satisfied by Mackenzie and Lewis and Clark." The remaining plate is Indian artifacts including a peace pipe." [PBAGalleries]



Memento Mori - Bills of Mortality

'London's Dreadful Visitations Or a Collection of All the Bills of Mortality For This Present Year: Beginning the 27th of December 1664 and Ending the 19th December Following'
was a publication that recorded the statistics with respect to deaths in London. At the end of the year 70,000 people were adjudged to have died from the plague out of 90,000 deaths.

"week one lists 7 fatal cases of Rickets, 8 stillborn bearths, 17 succumbing to death caused by 'Teeth', 1 victim of Thrush, 15 killed by Dropsie, 64 by Consumption, 1 executed, 29 afflicted by fever, 25 by the Flox and small pox, 2 died of apoplexie, 1 of Canker, 3 died of stopping of the stomach, 23 of simple old age"
This memento mori titlepage appears within another book, 'The Travels and Memoirs of Sir John Reresby', published in 1813 [PBAGalleries]



Sprightly Spearmen

These are the inside front and back cover pages from 'Wrigley's "Mother Goose": Introducing the Sprightly Spearmen, 1915' from the Szathmary Recipe Pamphlet Digital Collection at the University of Iowa.



Adam and Eve by Hans Sebald Beham and Barthel Beham 1543

'Adam and Eve' by Hans Sebald Beham and Barthel Beham, 1543 at the Virtuelle Kupferstichkabinett.



A Mappe of the Man of Sin (Princeton)

A Mappe of the Man of Sin

This complex 1622 broadside engraving (during the Reformation) that casts the Pope as the anti-Christ was the subject of a very detailed analysis last month on the British Printed Images to 1700 website. The only copy of this print is owned by Princeton University, as noted recently on their Rare Books blog.

Transcription of the full title:
"A Mappe of the Man of Sin: wherin is most lively delineated the Rising Raigning and Ruine of the Kingdome of Antichrist: Rising by Pride shutting the Booke of God and imposing Huma[n]e traditions on mens Consciences Raigning by Avarice, Simony, Superstition, Pleasure, and Hipocrisie. Ruined by Gods Spirit casting downe the Babell of their Abo[m]inations, & discoveri[n]g their da[m]nable Actions. All gathered out of the expresse word of God."



Album Juridicum frontispiece (Johann Werle, 1733) - Yale Law Library

Frontispiece from 'Album Juridicum' by Johann Werle, 1733.

"Werle's dictionary of legal maxims derived from canon and Roman law speaks to the Enlightenment-era's fondness for classification and taxonomy. [..] This must have been a useful tool for lawyers who needed to appear learned."[cite]

The image comes from Yale Law Library's Rare Books Blog where Mike Widener tells us:
"At the top of the diagram is the Latin maxim, "Bibliotheca sola non sufficit; unde disce piger", which, roughly translated, means "A library alone is not enough; learn, you lazy man!" Words to live by."



hot air balloon design


hot air balloon design


hot air balloon design

The Concours Ballons 1784 set on flickr from hulk4598 is, I am told, a contemporary manuscript of miscellaneous airship/dirigible/hot air balloon designs held by the Archives Municipales de Lyon*, France. Thanks Stéphane!



Other things...

Tuesday, September 09, 2008

Merapi Volcano

Der Merapi von der Nordseite

Der Merapi von der Nordseite
[Merapi from the north side]



Auswurfskegel und innere Wand der Kratermauer des Merapi

Auswurfskegel und innere Wand der Kratermauer des Merapi
[Ejection cone and inner wall of Merapi's crater]



Der Eruptionskegel des Merapi

Der Eruptionskegel des Merapi
[Merapi erupting]



Die Süd-Ost-Seite des Auswurfskegels des Merapi

Die Süd-Ost-Seite des Auswurfskegels des Merapi
[The south-east side of the ejection cone of Merapi]



Merapi von der Südseite

Merapi von der Südseite
[Merapi from the south side]



Nordseite des Merapi aus einer Höhe von 7500 Fuss vom südl. Abhange des Merbabu gesehen.

Nordseite des Merapi aus einer Höhe von 7500 Fuss vom südl. Abhange des Merbabu gesehen
[North side of Merapi from a height of 7500 feet from the south slopes of [Mount] Merbabu]
{that's Junghuhn with the telescope}


Situationsplan vom Krater des Merapi (November 1836)

Situationsplan vom Krater des Merapi (November 1836)
[Schematic plan of Merapi crater]



View Larger Map
Also: see Flickr.


Standing some 9,500ft tall near the centre of the island of Java, Mount Merapi (Gunung Merapi - Mountain of fire) is the most active of the seventy-odd volcanoes that have erupted in Indonesia since 1900. [map]
"Typically, small eruptions [from Merapi] occur every two to three years, and larger ones every 10-15 years or so. Notable eruptions, often causing many deaths, have occurred in 1006, 1786, 1822, 1872 (the most violent eruption in recent history), and 1930 — when thirteen villages were destroyed and 1400 people killed by pyroclastic flows."
The volcano became the visual centrepiece of a German book from 1845 called 'Topographische und naturwissenschaftliche Reisen durch Java' (Topographic and Scientific Journeys through Java). The lithographic plates were made by E. Baensch and, as far as I can tell, are not recording any specific (or at least significant) contemporary eruptions.

The book's author was an enigmatic character by the name of Franz Junghuhn (1809-1864). He overcame depression and a suicide attempt as a medical student, a prison sentence following a pistol duel (he escaped), and a stint in the French Foreign Legion on his path to becoming one of the foremost naturalists in 19th century Indonesia.

On the advice of a botanist friend, Junghuhn enlisted in the Dutch colonial forces as a doctor and shipped out to Batavia in 1835. He was renowned for being an individualist and was vocal in his dislike for following orders. He preferred the company of the natural world over humans. His medical tasks took a backseat to his interests in botany and field science and he was given the freedom by his superiors to go on many expeditions in Java because of his brilliance as a naturalist. He visited all the volcanoes of the island and conducted detailed surveys of the flora, geology and peoples of Java. He published a number of scientific works and a number of plant species are named after him.

Junghuhn had something of a scientific pantheistic belief system in which his God was to be found in all things and could be discovered through reason alone. On his scale, animals were at the bottom below green plants and fungae with rocks and mountains at the top and volcanoes the most important. To look into a crater, according to Junghuhn, was to see the face of God. He gave voice to this line of thinking in a 4-volume work that controversially included advocacy for a socialist Indonesia with a strident anti-Christian and anti-Islam tone. The work was banned in a number of European countries and the publisher of the first volume quit the project because of the uproar it caused. [The series is called 'Java, seine Gestalt, Pflanzendecke, und sein innerer Bau' (Images of Light and Shadow from Java's Interior), 1850-1854]

Late in his life Junghuhn was again involved in controversy when a public argument, played out in open letters with dissenters, occurred regarding the cultivation of Cinchona trees in Indonesia, which he advocated for their potential anti-malarial properties (quinine alkaloids). On his deathbed Junghuhn is said to have asked the doctor to open the windows so that he could say goodbye to his beloved volcanoes (Tangkuban Perahu was visible 30km away from his room in Bandung in West Java).

I didn't come across any biographies but I see screenplay written all over this.


Tempelruine Tjandi-sebu

Tempelruine Tjandi-sebu

I'm fairly sure this temple ruin view refers to Borobudur [wikipedia] - "a squat pyramid-shaped stupa 40km to the north west of Yogyakarta, in a volcanic region on the Indonesian island of Java". The Australian National University has an extensive site about this Buddhist structure built in the 9th century.
ADDITION (24.2.10): Florent comments (and I think it's correct) that this plate is more likely a view of Candi Sewu, "an 8th-century Buddhist temple located 800 meters north of Prambanan in Central Java".

 
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