I think it's probably fair to describe Dutchman Joris van Spilbergen (1557-1621) as a pirate first and an explorer second. He had already sailed to Africa and the Indes at the beginning of the 17th century, but he is arguably best remembered for the world voyage he undertook between 1614 and 1618.
He was commissioned by the Dutch East India Company (so I guess it was more a case of state sponsored terrorism than true piracy) to better chart the route around South America through the Strait of Magellan, rescue Jacob Le Mayre - another Dutch explorer who significantly contributed to the data in the above maps - and proceed to the Moluccas in the East Indies to establish a Company office.
The snippets of information around online suggest that it was primarily a war fleet that sailed from Holland and attacked Portuguese and Spanish ships and settlements up and down the coasts of South America before proceeding across to the East Indies and the north Pacific. The attacks against Spanish interests continued in the Philippines and East Indies. Presumably the Dutch government (who also sponsored the mission) hoped to undermine the commercial interest of the Spanish and Portuguese and help the Dutch East India Company gain an advantage. If you click on the last map above you can vaguely make out the routes taken by both von Spilbergen and Le Mayre. The inset map shows newly discovered areas of New Guinea.
Although there is mention of some maps being adapted from those made by Theodore de Bry, the majority of illustrations seem to have been produced de novo, including new information obtained from the voyages of our Dutch pirates.
- The journals of both van Spilbergen and Le Mayre were first published in latin in 1619 ('Speculum Orientalis Occidentalisque Indiae Navigationum..') and republished in Dutch in 1621 ('Oost ende West-Indische Spieghel : Waer in Beschreven Werden de Twee Laetste Navigatien..') - the majority of the above images come from this later edition which is online at the University of Bielfeld. There are a total of 25 plates.
- The remainder of the engravings come from a 1906 english version - 'The East and West Indian Mirror' (or links to each illustration - 1/3 of the way down the page) - which has large map images and the full text available at Cornell University's 'South East Asia Visions' site.
- The best information about van Spilbergen that I could find is at famousamericans.
It's interesting how the pacific coast of the Americas extends west rather than north. Was that for the convenience of the map maker? ... or a confusion of navigation ? Anyway, keep them comming ... i made the map my picture of the day.
ReplyDeleteIncidentally my real blog is not at blogspot but rather at fastblogit.